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KMID : 0390119940340010241
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Journal of Pusan Medical College
1994 Volume.34 No. 1 p.241 ~ p.254
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Immunophenotyping of leukemia
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Abstract
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The diagnostic value of immunological leukemia phenotyping was assessed in 102 consecutive patients using monoclonal antibodies on myeloid antigens (CD13, CD33, CD14, CD41), T lymphoid antigens (CD7, CD2, CD5, CD3, CD4, CD8) and B lymphoid
antigens
(CD19, CD10, CD20, SmIg). @ES The results were as followings:
@EN 1. 42 cases of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) were classified into 25 cases of myeloid pattern(60%) expressing CD13 and/or CD33, 15 cases of myeloid pattern with lymphoid lineage (35.7%) expressing simultaneously CD19 and/or CD10, and CD7, and
2
cases
of unclassified pattern (4.85) expressing only HLA-DR by immunophenotyping. Three (7.2%) cases had biphenotype features.
2. Seven cases (7.5%) of acute undifferentiated leukemia(AUL) not distinguished by cytochemistry and morphology were discriminated and recognized as 4 cases of myeloid pattern (M0), a case of lymphoid pattern and a case of myeloid pattern with
ectopic
expression of B cell antigen, and 1 case of biphenotype.
3. 44 cases of acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL) were classified into 39 cases of early B cell type (88.6%), 4 cases of T cell type (9.1%), and a case of mature B cell type (2.3%). Four cases (9.1%) with unrelated myeloid antigen (CD33 or CD13) were
disciriminated.
4. Four (14%) cases of 93 patients with acute leukemia had biphenotype features expressing 2 or more unrelated surface antigens, and revealed M1, M5a, and AUL according to FAB subtype and an acute mixed leukemia with separate populations of
monoblasts
(M5a) and lymphoblasts(L1).
5. Immunophenotyping of chronic lymphoid leukemia discriminated 3 cases of B-CLL (chronic lymphocytic leukemia), 1 case of B-PLL (prolymphocytic leukemia), 1 case of T-PLL and 1 case of hairy cell leukemia.
6. Immunophenotyping of chronic myeloid leukemia in blastic phase discriminated 2 cases of myeloid features and 1 case of lymphoid features.
The use of immunophenotyping can greatly enhance the ability to correctly identify the lineage of acute leukemia as well as chronic lymphoid leukemia, when added to morphology and cytochemistry. It can discriminate and recognize case not
distinguished
by cytochemistry and morphology and cases with acute biphenotype leukemia.
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